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Carbamazepine
Description and User's Comments
Carbamzepine or phenytoin brand names: (Dilantin ®, Arbil®,;
Carbagen®,; Epimaz®,; Tegretol®,; Teril®,; Timonil®; Atretol®;
Carbatrol®; Epitol®)
are among the drugs that are given to reduce the pain associated
with trigeminal neuralgia. Carbamzepine is considered an
anti-epileptic and also used as a mood stabilizer for depressive
children, for example treating anorexia.
Please read the data sheet for in-depth information: http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/Profs/Datasheet/t/Tegretoltabsyrup.htm
Please read the data sheet for in-depth information:
http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/Profs/Datasheet/p/phenytoininj.htm
Some horse owners have tried the drug with good results for a
period of three months, other had short lived results. All in all
the feed back is rather negative. Colicky horses were reported by
full dosage and lowered dosages.
Horses should be blood testes before and during usage of these
drugs, high risk of liver damage, high toxic drugs!
It is no cure, it is a pain reliever! The horse will
re-start to headshake the soon the drug is stopped
Headshaking in horses: possible aetiopathogenesis suggested by
the results of diagnostic tests and several treatment regimes used
in 20 cases.
Newton SA, Knottenbelt DC, Eldridge PR.
Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Clinical Sciences,
University of Liverpool, South Wirral, UK.
Twenty mature horses with typical headshaking of 2 week-7 year
duration were studied. Clinical examinations included radiography of
the head and nasopharyngeal endoscopy. All were assessed at rest and
at exercise, both before and after fitting an occlusive nasal mask,
application of tinted contact lenses and the perineural anaesthesia
of the infraorbital and posterior ethmoidal branches of the
trigeminal nerve. Infraorbital anaesthesia had no effect in 6/7
cases but 11/17 (65%) cases showed a 90-100% improvement following
posterior ethmoidal nerve anaesthesia. Tinted contact lenses had no
apparent long-term benefit, although 2 cases showed a transient
improvement. We found no other evidence to suggest a photic
aetiology in the current series of cases. Treatment regimens based
on the results of the diagnostic investigative methods included
sclerosis of the posterior ethmoidal branch of the trigeminal nerve.
This was effective in some cases but the benefits were temporary.
Cyproheptadine alone was ineffective but the addition of
carbamazepine resulted in 80-100% improvement in 80% of cases.
Carbemazepine alone was effective in 88% of cases but results were
unpredictable at predefined dose rates. The positive response to
carbamazepine, combined with the clinical features is consistent
with involvement of the trigeminal nerve, particularly the more
proximal branches such as the posterior ethmoidal nerve. Headshaking
has some clinical features in common with trigeminal neuralgia in
humans. As a result of the findings detailed in this paper, we
conclude that a trigeminal neuritis or neuralgia may be the basis of
the underlying aetiopathology of equine headshaking. Initial
observations of the positive response of headshakers to
carbamazepine therapy is encouraging. However, future studies will
include a more detailed investigation of dosages, duration of
effectiveness (in some cases it appears short-lived) and other
effects. In practice there is a realistic possibility of controlling
but not curing headshaking with carbamazepine therapy at the present
time. Other future investigations will include details of the
functional anatomy of the trigeminal nerve and the role of the P2
myelin protein in headshaking and other neurological disease.
PMID: 10836475 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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